Stem cells are initially extracted using specially developed techniques. Specialists -doctors and biologists thoroughly investigated each implant. They are further tested and undergo strict virus and bacteriological control. Finally, the stem cells are multiplied, preserved and stored in special cryobank.
The medical immunobiological preparations used in the clinic are free from outside agents and safe in application.
Methods of stem cells harvesting
Basic methods of stem cells harvesting include:
isolation and multiplication of patient's own stem cells (autologic stem cells)
umbilical blood stem cells (placental blood)
application of abortive materials (fetal stem cells)
Autologic human stem cells
Human autologic stem cells can be:
bone marrow stem cells
peripheric blood stem cells
Human autologic stem cells have advantages in comparison with donor cells: they are more available and safe, treatment using these cells has no certain complications (for example, stem cells rejection if using donor cells). Thus, The Institute of Biological Medicine carries out treatment using autologic human stem cells.
Hemopoietic and mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells
Transplantation of bone marrow stem cells is a traditional and most available method since stem cells are mostly concentrated in human bone marrow. Bone marrow contains 2 types of stem cells:
hemopoietic stem cells - cells which form all blood cells; these cells can differentiate into brain, liver, vascular cells;
mesenchymal stem cells which regenerate other tissues of human body; these cells can differentiate into the cells of cartilaginous, bone, muscular tissue and skin.
Peripheric blood stem cells
Peripheric blood has certain amount of circulating stem cells; stimulation significantly increases the number of stem cells in blood. Thus, patient's peripheric blood can be source of stem cells what has great advantages due to availability and safety of the method.
Umbilical blood stem cells (placental blood)
Banks of stem cells
Umbilical blood stem cells (placental blood) are received from blood of new-borns. Umbilical blood is enriched with stem cells and can be further used for renewal of damaged organs and tissues as well as for the treatment of different diseases, including oncological. Umbilical blood (placental blood) stem cells banks allow to solve the problem of autologic and related transplantation of stem cell in future and if necessary to save the life of the donor or his relatives.
Fetal stem cells
Fetal stem cells are received from abortive material. The application of fetal stem cells needs particular caution due to possible infection of the patient with HIV, cytomegalovirus, mycoplasma. In case of examination of the material for possible viruses the cost price of the method of application of these cells by the treatment of different diseases is increased. Nevertheless, taking precautions fetal stem cells can be recommended for transplantation to many patients and are widely applied by clinics worldwide.
Stem cells harvesting